Sand and gravel heater



(No Model.) Y Shee.l W-ff :et 1.

E. H. GALLAWAY.

SAND AND` GRAVBL HEATER. No. 448,408. Patented Mar. 1'7, 1891.

2 Sheens-Lneet 2.

Patented Mar. 1'7`, 18911.

o.. wAsHxNcTuN. n, c.

Tui nunme- Paens on., moro-urn rUNITED STATES PATENT Ormea.

EDWARD II. OALLAVAY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ON EHALE TO GEO.W. SIIARER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SAND AND GRAVEL HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 448,408, dated March17, 1891.

Application filed September 9, 1889. Serial No. 323,347. (No model.)

T ctZZ whom it may concern/f Be it known that I, EDWARD H. CALLAWAY,a'citizeu of the United States, residing at New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Sand and Gravel Heaters; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to driers generally, and sand and gravel driersparticularly.

The object of my invention is to Vprovide a simple and efficient machinefor drying sand and gravel in a quick and thorough manner withoutrequiring any manipulation of the sand or gravel while in the drier.

As is well known, wet sand or gravel is more or less cloggy, and in allthe driers that I am aware of the sand or gravel must be kept moving bystirring or other motion by hand or by machinery, so that the personfeeding the drier must devote more or less time to this object if doneby hand, and if operated by machinery expensive power must be used toreach the desired result. In my device these objections are overcome bythe particular arrangement of pipes1 which are so placed that the sandor gravel is kept moving by its own gravity and is broken or uncloggedby falling upon the pipes below, which are hotter than those above.

The invention consists of constructions and combinations, all as willhereinafter be described iu the specification, and pointed out in theclaims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in whichlFigure l represents a longitudinal section; 4o Fig. 2, a transversepartial section on line I l of Fig. I, the ends of the tlues being int'ull lines; and Fig. 3, a longitudinal section of a modified formi Arepresents a furnace of any suitable construction and having afuel-supplying opening A6 and a main flue A', leading to a vertical tlueor chamber A2, located at the opposite end of the machine. This verticalflue or chamber is constructed of any desired material, and, as shown,is made of brick and closed at the top and provided with au opening ATfor the removal of soot. In the front wall ct are secured iiues a',which extend to a second vertical flue or chamber A3, located in therear of furnace A and connected at its upper end to a chimney ALl of anysuitable construction. The flues d are inclosed on the sides by the sidewalls A, which may be of wood or sheet metal. lVhen made of wood,thelower end of each side wall is provided 6o with metal sheet a2, whichprojects below the lower edge of the side walls to protect the lowerends thereof from the heat of the main iiue A. These side walls areinclined from the upper edges inward and downward toward the main flueA', so that all the sand will strike said flue before passing out of thedrier. The side Walls are preferably supported by bars A6, to which theyare secured in any suitable manner. The iiues d are arranged in 7o rowsgradually decreasing in number, and in crosssectiou presentsubstantially a wedgeshaped form, the flue A being the apex. The areasof these ilues combined are equal to the area of flue A', so that theproducts of com- 75 bustion will be equally distributed in passing fromiiue A to the smaller lues.

rPhe vertical iiue or chamber A3, as before stated,is locatedimmediately behind the furnace. It is also immediately above the front8c end of flue A, from which it is separated Aby a thin partition, sothat the product-s of combustion passing into the vertical tiue orchamber A3 will be more or less heated to increase the draft through theflues. By making the iiue 8 5 A inclined, as shown in Fig. l, betterresults are obtained, as the products of combustion passing through theiiues d are impinged against the inclined wall. If desired, however, thciiue may be run straight from the 9o furnace, as shown in Fig. 2. Insuch cases I prefer to support. the center of the flue by means ofpillar d4. This construction raises the flue A above the ground-line andgives a larger spacefor the sand to accumulate. In 9 5 the device shownin Fig. I the sand falls on each side of the flue A.

Vhen in operation, the sand or gravel is shoveled into the top of thedrier and works its way downward between the flues, which roo are soarranged that aflue is placed imme.

diatelyY below.v the lspace between the flues above it. The spacebetween the walls grad ually becomes less, so that the sand or gravel asit becomes dry reaches the hottest point. As the moisture causes theclogging of the sand or gravel, its removal causes the material tobecome granular, and by the time it reaches the flue A it has beenthoroughly dried and escapes through the spaces a5 between the flue Aand the side walls. The arrangement of the flues creates cross-currentsin the flowing matter, so that the rubbing of the clogs or clods againsteach other wears away the dried part of the matter from that which isheld together by the moisture unexpelled.

l. In a sand-drier, the combination of a furnace, a drying-chamberhavinginclined-side walls, a vertical Hue or chamber A2 at the rear endof the drying-chamber, a flue connecting the furnace and said verticalflue and located between the lower ends of the side walls, a v

vertical iiue or chamber A3 at the rear of the furnace, and uesconnecting the front and vertical llues or chambers and arranged insubstantially a lwedge-shaped form between the inclined side walls.

2. In a sand-drier, the combination of a furnace, a drying-chamberhaving inclined side walls, a vertical flue or chamber A2` at the rearend ofthe drying-chambelgaliue connecting l the furnace and saidvertical flue or chamber and located between the lower ends of the sidewalls, a vertical flue or chamber A3 at the rear end of the furnaceimmediately over the connecting flue, and fines connecting the front andvertical ues or chambers and arranged in substantially a wedge-shapedform between the inclined side walls.

3. In a sand-drier, the combination 'of a furnace, a drying-chamberhaving inclined side walls, a vertical Hue or chamber A2 at the rear endof the drying-chamber, a liuc having an inclined part in the rear of thefurnace connecting the latter with the said vertical Hue and locatedbetween `the lower ends vof the side walls, a vertical flue A3. attherear .end

of the furnace and having an inclined bot` tom which serves as .the topof the inclined part of the main iiue, and iluescounecting the front andrear ues and arranged in sub-` stantially a wedge-shaped form betweenthe.

inclined side walls.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

